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시제에 따른 수동태
* 우선 각 시제에 따른 수동태의 용법을 알아 보자.
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시제에 따른 수동태 공식 |
보 기 |
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현재
am(is,are)+ pp
be동사를 인칭에따라 현재형으로 바꾸고 뒤에 과거분사를 쓴다.
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1. I write a letter. --> A letter is written by me. ( 편지를 쓰다--> 쓰여지다)
2. I love you. --> You are loved by me. (나는너를 사랑해.--> 너는 나에게서 사랑을 받는다.)
3. She cleans the room every day. --> The room is cleaned every day by her. (그녀는매일방청소를한다.)--> (그방은매일그녀에의해청소되어진다.) |
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과거
was (were) + pp
be동사를 인칭에따라 과거형으로 바꾸고 뒤에 과거분사를 쓴다. |
1. Somebody built this house in 1990. --> This house was built in 1990.(by somebody.) ( 이 집은 1990년에 지어졌다.)
2. She wrote a letter. --> A letter was written by her.(그 편지는 그녀에 의해 쓰여졌다.)
3. Mom made some cookies. --> Some cookies were made by mom.(과자가 엄마에 의해 만들어졌다.)
4. She didn't play the piano. --> The piano was not played by her. |
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미래
will(shall) be pp
be + pp 앞에 미래조동사 will을쓴다. |
1. Mom will make some cookies.--> Some cookies will be made by mom.(과자가 엄마에 의해 만들어 질 것이다. )
2. Tom will clean the room.--> The room will be cleaned by Tom.
3. She will write a letter.--> A letter will be written by her. |
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*기타 조동사
조V+ be pp
미래형과 같이 be+pp 앞에 조동사를 쓴다. |
1. We can solve the problem. -->The problem can be solved by us.
(우리는 그문제를 풀 수 있다.
2. He must do it at once. (그는 즉시 그것을 해야한다.)
--> It must be done at once by him. |
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진행형
be being pp
be + pp 사이에 진행형을 표시하는 being을 쓴다.
시제나 인칭은 be 동사로 맞춘다. |
*수동태 기본공식 be pp 사이에 being을 넣어 진행형임을 표시한다.
진행형 be -ing. 시제는 be V를 알맞게 고친다.)
+수동태: be pp
진행수동태 be being pp
1. They are discussing the problem. -->The problem is being discussed by them.
(그 문제는 토의되어지고 있는 중이다.)
2. They were building the house.--> The house was being built.(그 집이 건설되고 있는 중이었다.)
3. He was cleaning the room.--> The room was being cleaned by him.
4. We are going to paint this door tomorrow.
---> This door is going to be painted tomorrow.(by us). (이 문은 내일 칠해질 꺼야) |
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완료시제
현재완료:
have(has) been pp
과거완료:
had been pp
완료시제공식인 have + pp 사이에 완료를 표시해주는 been을 쓴다. |
* 완료시제인 have(had) pp 사이에 been을 넣어 완료시제임을 표시한다.(beV의 과거분사는 been)
* 수동태의 부정: be not pp, 조동사 not + pp 로서 not을 조동사 뒤에 써준다.
완료시제 have (had) pp
수동태 + be pp
완료수동태: have(had) been pp
1. He has cleaned the room.-->The room has been cleaned by him. (그 방은 그에 의해 청소되어졌다.)
2. They have not invited me.--> I have not been invited by them. (나는 초대받지 못했다.)
3. He had cleaned the room.--> The room had been cleaned by him.
4. They had not told him about it.--> He had not been told about it.
5. I will have cleaned the room.--> The room will have been cleaned by me. |
연습문제 - 다음을 수동태로 고치시오.
1. Tom uses this bed.
2. They open the store all night.
3. Ann broke the dishes.
4. We have invited Tom to dinner.
<Answers> 정답은 아래를 드래그해 보세요
1. This bed is used by Tom.
2. The store is opened all night.
3. The dishes were broken by Ann.
4. Tom has been invited to dinner. |